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Foundation programme

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</style><div role="note" class="hatnote navigation-not-searchable">This article is about pre-undergraduate courses. For the course for junior doctors, see <a href="Foundation_Programme" title="Foundation Programme">Foundation Programme</a>.</div>

A foundation programme, foundation program, foundation year, foundation year programme or foundation year program is a one-year introductory course to a full multi-year <a href="Academic_degree" title="Academic degree">degree</a> curriculum offered by many <a href="Universities" class="mw-redirect" title="Universities">universities</a> in the <a href="Commonwealth_of_Nations" title="Commonwealth of Nations">Commonwealth</a> and elsewhere. These programmes may be intended for students not yet in a degree program or may form part of a specific degree course. Some programmes are designed specifically for either domestic or international students.

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="United_Kingdom">United Kingdom</h2></div>

In the UK, foundation year programmes, also known as "year zero" or "gateway programmes", are designed to develop skills and subject-specific knowledge to prepare a student for a degree course. They may be offered as stand-alone one-year courses or integrated into degree programmes. Some programmes are for students who have not received suitable grades at <a href="A_Level" class="mw-redirect" title="A Level">A Level</a> or <a href="IB_Diploma_Programme" title="IB Diploma Programme">IB</a> while others are aimed at students who did not have the opportunity to take such qualifications.<a href="#cite_note-1">[1]</a><a href="#cite_note-2">[2]</a><a href="#cite_note-3">[3]</a> As of January 2023, foundation year programmes were available at 122 institutions through <a href="UCAS" title="UCAS">UCAS</a>.<a href="#cite_note-4">[4]</a>

Foundation programmes in England for home students that are integrated with degree programmes are eligible for student fee support at the same level as degree programmes. As of July 2023, the UK government is looking at whether fee levels (and student loan levels) for foundation years should be reduced. A government-commissioned report in July 2023 found that the cost of running foundation years is similar to, and in some cases could be higher than, the cost of running degree courses.<a href="#cite_note-5">[5]</a>

<a href="Lady_Margaret_Hall%2C_Oxford" title="Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford">Lady Margaret Hall, Oxford</a> offers a foundation year exclusively to students from poor socio-economic backgrounds. This aims to help them overcome disadvantages that would hinder their application process to the <a href="University_of_Oxford" title="University of Oxford">university</a>.<a href="#cite_note-6">[6]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading3"><h3 id="International_Foundation_Year">International Foundation Year</h3></div>

For international students, universities often partner with providers such as <a href="NCUK" title="NCUK">NCUK</a>, <a href="Study_Group" title="Study Group">Study Group</a> or <a href="INTO_University_Partnerships" title="INTO University Partnerships">INTO University Partnerships</a>. Study Group offers international foundation year programmes in conjunction with a number of British universities including (as of January 2023) <a href="University_of_Aberdeen" title="University of Aberdeen">Aberdeen</a>, <a href="Cardiff_University" title="Cardiff University">Cardiff</a>, <a href="Durham_University" title="Durham University">Durham</a>, <a href="University_of_Huddersfield" title="University of Huddersfield">Huddersfield</a>, <a href="Kingston_University" title="Kingston University">Kingston</a>, <a href="Lancaster_University" title="Lancaster University">Lancaster</a>, <a href="University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">Leeds</a> and <a href="Leeds_Beckett_University" title="Leeds Beckett University">Leeds Beckett</a> (jointly as Leeds International Study Centre), <a href="Liverpool_John_Moores_University" title="Liverpool John Moores University">Liverpool John Moores</a>, <a href="Royal_Holloway%2C_University_of_London" title="Royal Holloway, University of London">Royal Holloway</a>, <a href="University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">Sheffield</a>, <a href="University_of_Strathclyde" title="University of Strathclyde">Strathclyde</a>, <a href="University_of_Surrey" title="University of Surrey">Surrey</a>, <a href="University_of_Sussex" title="University of Sussex">Sussex</a>, and <a href="Teesside_University" title="Teesside University">Teesside</a>.<a href="#cite_note-7">[7]</a> INTO University Partnerships partners with <a href="University_of_East_Anglia" title="University of East Anglia">UEA</a>, <a href="University_of_Exeter" title="University of Exeter">Exeter</a>, <a href="Newcastle_University" title="Newcastle University">Newcastle</a>, <a href="University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester">Manchester</a>, <a href="Queen's_University_Belfast" title="Queen's University Belfast">Queen's Belfast</a>, <a href="City%2C_University_of_London" class="mw-redirect" title="City, University of London">City</a>, <a href="Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan</a>, <a href="University_of_Stirling" title="University of Stirling">Stirling</a> and <a href="University_of_Lancaster" class="mw-redirect" title="University of Lancaster">Lancaster</a>.<a href="#cite_note-8">[8]</a> Some universities offer their own international foundation programmes, including <a href="University_of_Warwick" title="University of Warwick">Warwick</a> (since 1983)<a href="#cite_note-9">[9]</a> and <a href="SOAS_University_of_London" title="SOAS University of London">SOAS University of London</a>, specifically for students who do not speak English as a first language (since 1985).<a href="#cite_note-10">[10]</a> <a href="University_College_London" title="University College London">UCL</a> has offered Undergraduate Preparatory Certificate international foundation year courses since 1991.<a href="#cite_note-11">[11]</a>

<a href="NCUK" title="NCUK">The Northern Consortium of United Kingdom Universities (NCUK)</a> is another established provider of international foundation programmes, offering the International Foundation Year (IFY) qualification. NCUK was founded in 1987 and is owned by a group of leading UK universities. <a href="#cite_note-12">[12]</a> The IFY is delivered at accredited study centres in the UK and internationally, including locations such as Qatar, China and Nigeria. Upon successful completion, students gain guaranteed access to a wide network of NCUK universities, including <a href="Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a> members such as <a href="University_of_Manchester" title="University of Manchester"> University of Manchester</a>, <a href="University_of_Leeds" title="University of Leeds">University of Leeds</a> and <a href="University_of_Sheffield" title="University of Sheffield">University of Sheffield</a>, as well as other prestigious institutions like <a href="Aston_University" title="Aston University">Aston University</a> and <a href="Manchester_Metropolitan_University" title="Manchester Metropolitan University">Manchester Metropolitan University</a>. Students may also progress to universities in Australia, New Zealand, Canada and the USA.

In January 2024, universities offering international foundation years were accused by the <a href="Sunday_Times" class="mw-redirect" title="Sunday Times">Sunday Times</a> of allowing foreign students to "buy their way in" to top universities.<a href="#cite_note-14">[14]</a><a href="#cite_note-15">[15]</a> In response, <a href="Universities_UK" title="Universities UK">Universities UK</a> requested a review of the quality of international foundation year programmes by the <a href="Quality_Assurance_Agency" class="mw-redirect" title="Quality Assurance Agency">Quality Assurance Agency</a> (QAA).<a href="#cite_note-16">[16]</a> It was also pointed out that the Sunday Times had compared admission requirements for international foundation years to those for admission to full degrees for home students.<a href="#cite_note-17">[17]</a><a href="#cite_note-18">[18]</a><a href="#cite_note-19">[19]</a> The QAA review found that there was broad equivalence between the entry requirements for international foundation years and domestic foundation years but that there were some differences in regulations, particularly regarding resitting examinations, that were more likely when the international foundation years were delivered by a partner provider rather than in-house by the universities themselves. Progression rates from foundation years to degree courses were identified as needing monitoring. However, commentators noted that this was based on voluntary responses from 34 institutions providing international pathways (of which 32 had international foundation years) out of 124 providers that had international pathways, making it possible that the responses are skewed towards institutions less likely to have problems. Thus, while the <a href="Russell_Group" title="Russell Group">Russell Group</a> universities that the Sunday Times article focused on have 'a clean bill of health', problems elsewhere in the sector may not have been uncovered by the report.<a href="#cite_note-20">[20]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="Elsewhere_in_the_world">Elsewhere in the world</h2></div>

At a number of universities in the United States, the SABIC Foundation Year Program is a university preparation course aimed specifically at Saudi students that will return to work for <a href="SABIC" title="SABIC">SABIC</a> after completing a bachelor's degree in the US.<a href="#cite_note-21">[21]</a>

At Salem Kolleg by <a href="Lake_Constance" title="Lake Constance">Lake Constance</a>, Germany, Kolleg students are introduced to many different university courses over a period of three terms as part of their <a href="Studium_generale#Contemporary_usage" title="Studium generale">studium generale</a> program.<a href="#cite_note-22">[22]</a>

At <a href="Constructor_University" title="Constructor University">Constructor University</a> in Germany, the Foundation Year Programme is a preparatory year.<a href="#cite_note-23">[23]</a>

At <a href="Karlshochschule_International_University" title="Karlshochschule International University">Karlshochschule International University</a> in Germany, the Foundation Year Programme (Studienkolleg) is a preparatory year for international students.<a href="#cite_note-24">[24]</a>

At <a href="Maastricht_University" title="Maastricht University">Maastricht University</a>, the Netherlands, the Foundation Programme trains motivated international students to make them eligible (to apply) for a bachelor's programme at Maastricht University.<a href="#cite_note-25">[25]</a>

At the <a href="University_of_Queensland" title="University of Queensland">University of Queensland</a>, the Foundation Year Programme is a university preparation program for students who are not citizens or permanent residents of Australia.<a href="#cite_note-26">[26]</a><a href="#cite_note-27">[27]</a>

At <a href="Vanderbilt_University" title="Vanderbilt University">Vanderbilt University</a>, the Foundation Year Programme aims to prepare students from outside the United States to enter the American university system.<a href="#cite_note-28">[28]</a>

<div class="mw-heading mw-heading2"><h2 id="References">References</h2></div>

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